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Gilles Deleuze
Cinema I
Chapter 5
The Perception Image
Section 2
Griffith and Eisenstein
It is transparent, translucent or white space that has just been defined. Such a space retains the power to reflect light, but it also gains another power which is that of refracting, by diverting the rays which cross it. The face which remains in this space thus reflects a part of the light, but refracts another part of it. From being reflexive, it becomes intensive. Here there is something unique in the history of the close-up. The classical close-up ensures a partial reflection in so far as the face looks in a direction different from that of the camera, and thus forces the spectator to rebound on the surface of the screen. We are also familiar with very fine ‘camera-looks’, as in Bergman’s Summer with Monika, which establish a total reflection and give the close-up a distance which is proper to it. (Cinema 1, 97a)
Deleuze, Gilles. Cinema 1. Transl. Hugh Tomlinson & Barbara Habberjam, London: Continuum, 1986
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